{"id":6123,"date":"2026-04-15T09:12:02","date_gmt":"2026-04-15T02:12:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ahrd.vn\/?p=6123"},"modified":"2026-04-28T09:12:53","modified_gmt":"2026-04-28T02:12:53","slug":"nhung-ghi-nhan-dau-tien-ve-ganoderma-suae-and-pleurotus-tuber-regium-o-viet-nam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ahrd.vn\/?p=6123","title":{"rendered":"Nh\u1eefng ghi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 Ganoderma suae and Pleurotus tuber regium \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nh\u1eefng ghi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 <\/strong>Ganoderma suae<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0Pleurotus tuber regium <\/em>\u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u chung<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ganoderma<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi n\u1ea5m thu\u1ed9c b\u1ed9 Basidiomycetes ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee9ng, dai nh\u01b0 da ho\u1eb7c g\u1ed7, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 polypore. C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i trong chi n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n vai tr\u00f2 sinh th\u00e1i \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 sinh v\u1eadt k\u00fd sinh tr\u00ean c\u00e2y s\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c sinh v\u1eadt ho\u1ea1i sinh tr\u00ean c\u00e2y ch\u1ebft, kh\u00fac g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea7m l\u1ea7y. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 k\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh th\u1ed1i tr\u1eafng, th\u1ed1i r\u1ec5 v\u00e0 th\u00e2n, v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c g\u1ed7, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y ch\u1ee7. Ch\u00fang s\u1ed1ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3ng \u1ea9m n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi. Chi n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Petter Adolf Karsten th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1881. Vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p quan s\u00e1t h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 14 chi v\u00e0 278 lo\u00e0i trong h\u1ecd Ganodermataceae.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 N\u1ea5m Ganoderma suae<\/em>\u00a0g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c He v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 t\u1eeb \u0110\u00f4ng Nam Trung Qu\u1ed1c. <\/em>V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i,\u00a0G. suae<\/em>\u00a0gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi\u00a0G. resinaceum<\/em>\u00a0v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i li\u00ean quan b\u1edfi th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0u n\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf, b\u00f3ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u1ef1a, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ed7 ch\u00e2n l\u00f4ng, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e0o t\u1eed v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ph\u00e1t sinh lo\u00e0i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111a gen (ITS, LSU v\u00e0 TEF1-\u03b1).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i r\u1eebng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, s\u1edf h\u1eefu ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng n\u1ea5m, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong chi\u00a0Ganoderma<\/em>. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1n lo\u00e0i\u00a0Ganoderma<\/em>\u00a0\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 n\u00e0y v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i\u00a0Ganoderma<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0m n\u1ea5m d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam,\u00a0Ganoderma suae<\/em>\u00a0ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. Do \u0111\u00f3, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1\u00a0G. suae<\/em>\u00a0\u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, qua \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p th\u00eam d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1\u00a0Ganoderma <\/em>trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pleurotus tuber-regium<\/em>\u00a0(Fr.) Singer l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m thu\u1ed9c l\u1edbp Basidiomycete v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u chi kh\u00e1c nhau do \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u201cn\u1ea5m s\u00f2\u201d (Pleurotus<\/em>\u00a0spp.) c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u0169-cu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ee3i n\u1ea5m gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi chi\u00a0Lentinus<\/em>. Lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 l\u00e0\u00a0Agaricus tuber-regium<\/em>\u00a0Fr. v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1821 v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n sang\u00a0Lentinus<\/em>\u00a0ssp. Trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 ti\u1ebfp theo, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n sang\u00a0Pleurotus<\/em>\u00a0b\u1edfi Singer (1949) v\u00e0 Neda v\u00e0 Nakai\u00a0d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac mang v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e2n t\u1eed. Lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh\u00a0th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1ch l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 30 cm – m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong chi\u00a0Pleurotus<\/em>. Th\u1ec3 c\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i l\u00e0m th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Ch\u00e2u Phi v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u \u00c1, n\u01a1i n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i Cao B\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 Nha Trang, Kh\u00e1nh H\u00f2a, Vi\u1ec7t Nam.\u00a0\u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp n\u1ea5m, c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u00f4 trong r\u1eebng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng PDA. Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c \u0111\u0129a nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u1ee7 \u1edf 25 \u00b0C trong 7\u201310 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp ch\u1ee7ng. C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n trong th\u1ea1ch nghi\u00eang \u1edf -80\u00b0C trong dung d\u1ecbch glycerol-trehalose \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng (10% glycerol v\u00e0 5% trehalose).<\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i h\u1ecdc<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i v\u0129 m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t. C\u00e1c m\u1eabu v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh khi c\u00f2n t\u01b0\u01a1i v\u00e0o ban ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t d\u01b0\u1edbi k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi soi n\u1ed5i Zeiss Stemi DV4\u00a0(\u0110\u1ee9c). C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m vi m\u00f4 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1eabu v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m kh\u00f4, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u00e1t c\u1eaft th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn trong dung d\u1ecbch KOH 3% (w\/v) sau khi nhu\u1ed9m b\u1eb1ng dung d\u1ecbch xanh b\u00f4ng 1% (w\/v) trong thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed Melzer. C\u00e1c ph\u00e9p \u0111o v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 vi m\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh A2-Image (Carl Zeiss). C\u00e1c ph\u00e9p \u0111o b\u00e0o t\u1eed n\u1ea5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn trong thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed Melzer.<\/span><\/p>\n

Chi\u1ebft t\u00e1ch DNA, khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng chu\u1ed7i polymerase v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Sau khi nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y tr\u00ean PDA \u1edf 25\u00b0C trong 7 ng\u00e0y, DNA n\u1ea5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1eabu PrepMan Ultra. Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng PCR \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 kit KOD-Plus (Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n) theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Vi\u1ec7c khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n DNA \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng GeneAmp PCR System 9700 (Applied Biosystems). S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m PCR \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n di tr\u00ean gel agarose v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tinh s\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng b\u1ed9 kit AMPureKit. Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 kit gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 chu k\u1ef3 Big Dye Terminator phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n 3.1 (Applied Biosystems) v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c m\u1ed3i PCR.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ph\u00e1t sinh ch\u1ee7ng lo\u00e0i<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m BioEdit phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n 7.09 v\u00e0 c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 tr\u00ean GenBank.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ganoderma suae<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m thu th\u1eadp:\u00a0N\u00fai \u0110o\u00e0i D\u01b0\u01a1ng, huy\u1ec7n Tr\u00f9ng Kh\u00e1nh, t\u1ec9nh Cao B\u1eb1ng. M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i:\u00a0Th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 n\u1ea5m h\u00e0ng n\u0103m, kh\u00f4ng cu\u1ed1ng, h\u00ecnh v\u1ecf s\u00f2, d\u1eb9t, tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 n\u00fat chai ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 g\u1ed7 khi kh\u00f4. M\u0169 n\u1ea5m: h\u00ecnh qu\u1ea1t r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh b\u00e1n nguy\u1ec7t, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u00e0u n\u00e2u \u0111\u1ecf v\u1edbi s\u1eafc n\u00e2u t\u00edm, ph\u1ee7 l\u1edbp nh\u1ef1a d\u00e0y, nh\u1eb5n, c\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c r\u00e3nh h\u01a1i h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m, m\u00e9p t\u00f9 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1i l\u01b0\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u0169 n\u1ea5m l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng 5\u20139 cm chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng, 4\u20137 cm chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 5\u20138 mm chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0y. B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1ed7 ch\u00e2n l\u00f4ng\u00a0m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng kem khi c\u00f2n t\u01b0\u01a1i, chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2u nh\u1ea1t khi kh\u00f4, h\u01a1i s\u1eabm m\u00e0u khi b\u1ecb d\u1eadp. Khu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1c c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u1eb5n m\u1ecbn nh\u01b0 nhung, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nhanh tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng PDA. \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 55\u201360 mm sau 7 ng\u00e0y \u1ee7 \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng. B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t khu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi vi\u1ec1n nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n. \u1ede giai \u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u00e0, khu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1c tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a g\u1ed7, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00e0u n\u00e2u v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pleurotus tuber-regium\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ba m\u1eabu\u00a0n\u1ea5m Pleurotus tuber-regium<\/em>\u00a0\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i Nha Trang, Kh\u00e1nh H\u00f2a, Vi\u1ec7t Nam. M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i. Ba lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 sau: Th\u00e2n n\u1ea5m c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh ph\u1ec5u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea1nh l\u01b0\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c ph\u1eb3ng, m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng ng\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e2u nh\u1ea1t, m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c phi\u1ebfn n\u1ea5m l\u1edbn, m\u1ecfng, x\u1ebfp kh\u00edt nhau. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh m\u0169 n\u1ea5m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 7 \u0111\u1ebfn 9 cm trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 5\u20137,5 cm khi kh\u00f4. M\u00e0ng b\u00e0o t\u1eed g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c phi\u1ebfn m\u1ecfng, m\u1ecdc d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi, m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng \u0111\u1ebfn kem \u1edf m\u1eabu v\u1eadt t\u01b0\u01a1i, chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t khi kh\u00f4. C\u00e1c phi\u1ebfn d\u00e0y, \u0103n s\u00e2u xu\u1ed1ng d\u1ecdc theo cu\u1ed1ng n\u1ea5m. Cu\u1ed1ng n\u1ea5m h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5, n\u1eb1m \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trung t\u00e2m, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 10\u201320 \u00d7 1,5\u20132,0 cm, nh\u1eb5n, c\u00f9ng m\u00e0u v\u1edbi m\u0169 n\u1ea5m, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi thu\u00f4n \u1edf g\u1ed1c. B\u00e0o t\u1eed n\u1ea5m (basidiospores) c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh elip \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee9ng, nh\u1eb5n \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1i nh\u00e1m, \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ee5t, trong su\u1ed1t, th\u00e0nh m\u1ecfng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ee5t, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc 8\u201310,5 \u00d7 4,0\u20135,5 \u00b5m. Th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 (basidia) c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh ch\u00f9y,\u00a0th\u00e0nh m\u1ecfng, th\u01b0\u1eddng mang b\u1ed1n cu\u1ed1ng (sterigmata), v\u00e0 d\u00e0i 15\u201318 \u03bcm. H\u1ec7 s\u1ee3i n\u1ea5m l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n b\u00e0o (monomitic), bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i n\u1ea5m sinh s\u1ea3n th\u00e0nh m\u1ecfng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ed1i n\u1ed1i k\u1eb9p. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m khu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1c<\/em>. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i\u00a0Pleurotus<\/em>\u00a0\u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u00e0u khu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1c tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trung b\u00ecnh tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng PDA. Khu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1c ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n trung t\u00e2m d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c, d\u1ea1ng b\u00f4ng,\u00a0sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c r\u00eca \u0111\u1ec1u ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u. K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb m\u1ecbn nh\u01b0 nhung \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng b\u00f4ng,\u00a0t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ch\u1ee7ng. Ch\u1ee7ng\u00a0Pleurotus<\/em>\u00a0PU1010 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u m\u1ecbn nh\u01b0 nhung so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng kh\u00e1c. Ch\u1ee7ng\u00a0Pleurotus<\/em>\u00a0PU1011 c\u00f3 r\u00eca kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u, v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n trung t\u00e2m th\u01b0a v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n ngo\u1ea1i vi d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c h\u01a1n. Khu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a\u00a0Pleurotus<\/em>\u00a0PU1012 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh nh\u01b0ng thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c khu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1c c\u00f3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u, v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n trung t\u00e2m m\u1ecfng, \u0111\u00f4i khi trong su\u1ed1t v\u00e0 r\u00eca l\u01b0\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y\u00a0l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ghi nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a\u00a0n\u1ea5m Linh Chi (Ganoderma suae)<\/em>\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0N\u1ea5m L\u00e1 Kim (Pleurotus tuber-regium)\u00a0t\u1ea1i<\/em>\u00a0Vi\u1ec7t Nam, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u00eam h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u1ec1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc n\u1ea5m c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia. N\u1ea5m L\u00e1 Kim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 y h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch, ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m cholesterol. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i,\u00a0G. suae<\/em>\u00a0\u2014m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p\u00a0N\u1ea5m Linh Chi<\/em>\u00a0\u2014ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh sinh h\u1ecdc. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a\u00a0G. suae<\/em>\u00a0t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam cung c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi cho c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y h\u1ecdc kh\u1ea3 thi. Nh\u00ecn chung, nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y l\u00e0m phong ph\u00fa th\u00eam hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng n\u1ea5m l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t kho ch\u1ee9a c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111ang n\u1ed5i l\u00ean. Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi cho nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ti\u1ebfp theo n\u00ean kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng d\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o:<\/strong><\/p>\n

https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/41904195\/<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nh\u1eefng ghi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 Ganoderma suae\u00a0and\u00a0Pleurotus tuber regium \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u chung \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ganoderma\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi n\u1ea5m thu\u1ed9c b\u1ed9 Basidiomycetes ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee9ng, dai nh\u01b0 da ho\u1eb7c g\u1ed7, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 polypore. C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i trong chi n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n vai tr\u00f2 sinh th\u00e1i \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, ph\u00e1t […]\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":6124,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[236],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ahrd.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6123"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ahrd.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ahrd.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ahrd.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/50"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ahrd.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6123"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ahrd.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6123\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6125,"href":"https:\/\/ahrd.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6123\/revisions\/6125"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ahrd.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6124"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ahrd.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6123"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ahrd.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6123"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ahrd.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6123"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}