{"id":6000,"date":"2025-11-17T09:51:16","date_gmt":"2025-11-17T02:51:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ahrd.vn\/?p=6000"},"modified":"2025-11-17T09:51:16","modified_gmt":"2025-11-17T02:51:16","slug":"xac-dinh-cac-yeu-to-anh-huong-loi-ich-va-thach-thuc-cua-cac-doanh-nghiep-nong-trai-thuy-canh-container-tong-quan-ve-nhan-thuc-cua-nguoi-nong-dan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ahrd.vn\/?p=6000","title":{"rendered":"X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng, l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i th\u1ee7y canh container: t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n"},"content":{"rendered":"

X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng, l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i th\u1ee7y canh container: t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: <\/em>Wagner N., Morrish D.<\/em> and<\/em> Juarez M. (2021). Identifying the influential factors, benefits and challenges of hydroponic shipping container farm businesses: A snapshot of farmers’ perceptions.\u00a0Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems,\u00a036(6), 519-526.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0T\u00f3m t\u1eaft<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n qua \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch, th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trang tr\u1ea1i th\u1ee7y canh container (HSCF). Do ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng n\u00e0y c\u00f2n m\u1edbi m\u1ebb, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y c\u00f2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u00edt, 12 trong s\u1ed1 46 doanh nghi\u1ec7p HSCF th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 qua m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 tham gia v\u00e0o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y. Do quy m\u00f4 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf, v\u00e0 11 trong s\u1ed1 12 trang tr\u1ea1i m\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong th\u1eddi gian r\u1ea5t ng\u1eafn (hai n\u0103m ho\u1eb7c \u00edt h\u01a1n), n\u00ean nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 sau \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u01a1 b\u1ed9. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y HSCF \u0111\u00e3 mang l\u1ea1i cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c m\u1edbi. B\u1ea3y m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u0103m ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n (n = 9) ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng HSCF \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap trang tr\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t h\u01a1n, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng m\u1ecdi k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia \u0111\u1ec1u h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng (n = 8; 66,7%) v\u1edbi HSCF c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd; m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng (8,3%), trong khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c trung l\u1eadp (n = 1; 8,3%) v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng (n = 2; 16,7%). K\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3; tuy nhi\u00ean, 50,0% n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n (n = 6) kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd ho\u1eb7c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng HSCF mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n cho bi\u1ebft HSCF c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cao, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd mong \u0111\u1ee3i. V\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a HSCF, chi ph\u00ed s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao nh\u1ea5t, trong khi vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u00edt nh\u1ea5t. Sau khi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n qua \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i v\u1edbi ba n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp cao, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u1edd tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ed1n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a HSCF, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ea5t canh t\u00e1c v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 sinh l\u1eddi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch khai th\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Theo Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, thay v\u00ec m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch canh t\u00e1c, \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 70\u201390% m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong 50 n\u0103m qua (Gold, 2007). Tuy nhi\u00ean, x\u00f3i m\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea5t, \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 khan hi\u1ebfm n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u, ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i (Pimentel v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2005; Gold, 2007; Montgomery, 2008). Do nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng (Feldman v\u00e0 Hamm, 2015; Grebitus v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2017), c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf cho m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng (Kirschenmann, 2010), bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ee7y canh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t (Walters v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2020).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ee7y canh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea5t kho\u00e1ng, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ‘m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01a1 \u200b\u200bnh\u01b0 s\u1ecfi, c\u00e1t, than b\u00f9n, vermiculite, \u0111\u00e1 b\u1ecdt, \u0111\u00e1 tr\u00e2n ch\u00e2u, x\u01a1 d\u1eeba, m\u00f9n c\u01b0a, v\u1ecf tr\u1ea5u, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c’, v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng (Resh, 2013). M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ee7y canh quy m\u00f4 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1940 (Bouchar, 1998), v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e2y l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m (Walters v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2020), nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i th\u1ee7y canh container v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n (HSCF) – container v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea5t b\u00ean trong – l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee7y canh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. HSCF \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2010 th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u01b0 Freight Farm \u1edf Boston, Massachusetts; Urban Farm Unit t\u1ea1i Paris, Ph\u00e1p; v\u00e0 PodPonics t\u1ea1i Atlanta, Georgia. Nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p HSCF tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. HSCF c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m chung ch\u00ednh, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt th\u1ee7y canh (ho\u1eb7c aquaponic) v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e8n LED, b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (Michael, 2017).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt th\u1ee7y canh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang \u0111\u1ebfn cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng (Wortman v\u00e0 Lovell, 2013; Hempel v\u00e0 Hamm, 2016; Grebitus v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2017) b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho ph\u00e9p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t quanh n\u0103m tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng canh t\u00e1c, th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng h\u01a1n (Van Ginkel v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2017). Nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu h\u00fat n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ee7y canh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00edt h\u01a1n 70\u201390% n\u01b0\u1edbc so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p canh t\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng (tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng) (Raviv v\u00e0 Lieth, 2008), lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh trong \u0111\u1ea5t g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh (Postma, 2009; Wortman v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2016), lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf (Freight Farms, 2016), gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh (Freight Farms, 2016) v\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng thay v\u00ec g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n g\u00e2y ra d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 r\u1eeda tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng (Lee v\u00e0 Lee, 2015; Van Ginkel v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2017). H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7y canh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a, do \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p canh t\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 canh t\u00e1c, l\u00e0m c\u1ecf, t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t (Jovicich v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2003).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0V\u1ec1 c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch kh\u00e1c cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p HSCF th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Khi so s\u00e1nh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee7y canh v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Lages Barbosa v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 (2015) nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y rau di\u1ebfp tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y canh cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao g\u1ea5p 11 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi rau di\u1ebfp tr\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 Van Ginkel v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 (2017) nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y rau tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y canh c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao g\u1ea5p 29 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi rau tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf California. Ngo\u00e0i ra, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho ph\u00e9p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t quanh n\u0103m, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 v\u1ee5 thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n (Michael, 2017). \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, l\u1eddi h\u1ee9a v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng HSCF thay v\u00ec nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh theo m\u00f9a, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p HSCF c\u00f2n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf m\u1ee9c v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m nhu c\u1ea7u lao \u0111\u1ed9ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (Growtainer, 2020; Freight Farms, 2020a, b). Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 quan; m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Freight Farm v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2017 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 kho\u1ea3ng 85.000 \u0111\u00f4 la, v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng n\u0103m t\u1eeb 8.000 \u0111\u1ebfn 16.500 \u0111\u00f4 la (Hicks, 2017). Alesca Life, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p HSCF, cho bi\u1ebft do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ebfn hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh HSCF c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd (Bischoff, 2014). Freight Farms (2020a) \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u1ea7n 15\u201320 gi\u1edd lao \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed7i tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trang tr\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o ra doanh thu \u2013 sau giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u tri\u1ec3n khai HSCF, v\u1ed1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u 20\u201325 gi\u1edd\/tu\u1ea7n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c canh t\u00e1c tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn h\u01a1n trong m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh v\u1ed1n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf (Li\u00ean minh N\u00f4ng d\u00e2n Tr\u1ebb Qu\u1ed1c gia, 2017).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2014, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y canh c\u00f3 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t, rau th\u01a1m c\u1eaft t\u01b0\u01a1i, rau di\u1ebfp v\u00e0 c\u00e0 chua, l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t chi\u1ebfm 91%, 21%, 70% v\u00e0 86% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng n\u00e0y (USDA, 2015). Theo Newswire (2019), s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee7y canh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y b\u1edfi n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c. Ngo\u00e0i ra, nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh HSCF. Doanh s\u1ed1 b\u00e1n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 12 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2014, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh doanh s\u1ed1 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t 20 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2019 (USDA, 2016).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0V\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i rau t\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ee7y canh, c\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i container v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c do nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng cao v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh v\u00e0 HSCF, cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n t\u1eeb 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 20 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf. (Royte, 2015). Lages Barbosa v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 (2015) ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng rau di\u1ebfp tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y canh c\u1ea7n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ea5p 82 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi rau di\u1ebfp tr\u1ed3ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 Van Ginkel v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1. (2017) ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng rau tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y canh ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ea5p 30 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi rau tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf California. Chi ph\u00ed n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n (Royte, 2015). C\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i container v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ee7y canh, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u. Nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp Alesca Life Oda \u0111\u00e3 l\u01b0u \u00fd, ‘\u0110\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 th\u00edch nghi. V\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 sai s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nh\u1ecf’ (Yoo, 2015). B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 sai s\u1ed1 th\u1ea5p, nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p HSCF v\u1eabn \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 HSCF ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee7y canh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1ch quan v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n tham gia HSCF. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n tham gia HSCF, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb1ng sau vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a HSCF trong vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cho c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y l\u00e0: (1) x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c khi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh HSCF, v\u00e0 (2) t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng HSCF, bao g\u1ed3m k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng chung c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p, th\u00f4ng qua kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t v\u00e0 ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n qua \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 doanh nghi\u1ec7p\/n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch, th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng chung c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1eefu c\u01a1 (HSCF) th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn do ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng n\u00e0y c\u00f2n m\u1edbi m\u1ebb n\u00ean s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n tham gia c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, do \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 mang t\u00ednh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 46 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1eefu c\u01a1 (HSCF) th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c trang m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, Facebook v\u00e0 Twitter. Sau khi li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi 46 doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y, 12 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 tham gia kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t v\u00e0 6 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 tham gia ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0M\u1ed7i kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t m\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 15 ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u cho bi\u1ebft m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 HSCF c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u00ednh d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 chi ph\u00ed kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p, thi\u1ebfu ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn chung.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi li\u1ec7u h\u1ecd c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng tham gia ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n qua \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i hay kh\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n qua \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng HSCF n\u00f3i chung. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n qua \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1eb5n, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng g\u00ec?<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. B\u1ea1n l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi HSCF nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao b\u1ea1n l\u1ea1i ch\u1ecdn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3?<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. T\u1ea1i sao b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh\/nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p n\u00e0y?<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau\/\u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><\/li>\n
  5. Nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau\/k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u01b0a? T\u1ea1i sao c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1i sao kh\u00f4ng?<\/span><\/li>\n
  6. Ai \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh HSCF?<\/span><\/li>\n
  7. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 HSCF c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh?<\/span><\/li>\n
  8. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng HSCF kh\u00f4ng? T\u1ea1i sao c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1i sao kh\u00f4ng?<\/span><\/li>\n
  9. B\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n tham gia HSCF s\u1ebd nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/li>\n
  10. B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng?<\/span><\/li>\n
  11. C\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn?<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi chia s\u1ebb b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch ho\u1eb7c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qua \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, ghi \u00e2m b\u1eb1ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Voice Recorder, phi\u00ean \u00e2m v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 Th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn, kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi qua email \u0111\u1ebfn 46 ch\u1ee7 doanh nghi\u1ec7p HSCF th\u00f4ng qua Qualtrics v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 22 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2018. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 23 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 2018, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c g\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cho nh\u1eefng n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n trong danh s\u00e1ch kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t ban \u0111\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n kinh doanh, v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 2018 v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng 12 ch\u1ee7 doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i HSCF tham gia.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0T\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng, l\u1ee3i \u00edch, th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng chung. Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m SPSS 24.0 d\u00e0nh cho Windows \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 t\u1eebng doanh nghi\u1ec7p HSCF \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t, \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i, gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, kinh nghi\u1ec7m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 n\u0103m HSCF c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong B\u1ea3ng 1. \u0110\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n\/ch\u1ee7 doanh nghi\u1ec7p dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 33 \u0111\u1ebfn 71 tu\u1ed5i. Gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 doanh nghi\u1ec7p tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 nam gi\u1edbi (n = 10; 83,3%). D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 doanh nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi da tr\u1eafng (n = 11; 91,7%) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 g\u1ed1c Phi (n = 1; 8,3%). Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kinh nghi\u1ec7m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c nhau. Trong khi n\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, bao g\u1ed3m tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt, l\u00e0m v\u01b0\u1eddn v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ee7y canh, b\u1ea3y ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 kinh doanh. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn HSCF c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ngo\u00e0i n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n trong m\u1eabu nh\u1ecf n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 kinh doanh trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian r\u1ea5t ng\u1eafn, kho\u1ea3ng hai n\u0103m ho\u1eb7c \u00edt h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B\u1ea3ng 1.<\/strong> T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 doanh nghi\u1ec7p A bao g\u1ed3m ch\u1ee9c danh, \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i, l\u00fd l\u1ecbch, s\u1ed1 n\u0103m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t HSCF.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \n

    Ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		Ch\u1ee9c danh\/Ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nTu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nB\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nN\u0103m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nM\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    A<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nCEO<\/span><\/td>\n35<\/span><\/td>\nThi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/td>\n>5 n\u0103m tr\u1edf l\u00ean<\/span><\/td>\nVS<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    B<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nCh\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch<\/span><\/td>\n71<\/span><\/td>\nDoanh nh\u00e2n<\/span><\/td>\n2 n\u0103m<\/span><\/td>\nS<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    C<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nVP ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span><\/td>\n36<\/span><\/td>\nB\u1eb1ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n sinh h\u1ecdc<\/span><\/td>\n<1 n\u0103m<\/span><\/td>\nS<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    D<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nCh\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu duy nh\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean<\/span><\/td>\n33<\/span><\/td>\nN\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt, l\u00e0m v\u01b0\u1eddn<\/span><\/td>\n2 n\u0103m<\/span><\/td>\nN<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    E<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nCh\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp<\/span><\/td>\n38<\/span><\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y<\/span><\/td>\n2 n\u0103m<\/span><\/td>\nS<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    F<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nCh\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/td>\n50<\/span><\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y<\/span><\/td>\n<1 n\u0103m<\/span><\/td>\nS<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    G<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nNg\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu<\/span><\/td>\n63<\/span><\/td>\nN\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt, nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh, l\u00e0m v\u01b0\u1eddn<\/span><\/td>\n<1 n\u0103m<\/span><\/td>\nDS<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    H<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nNg\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu<\/span><\/td>\n44<\/span><\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y<\/span><\/td>\n2 n\u0103m<\/span><\/td>\nS<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    I<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nCh\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/td>\n58<\/span><\/td>\nL\u00e0m v\u01b0\u1eddn<\/span><\/td>\n2 n\u0103m<\/span><\/td>\nS<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    J<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nNg\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp<\/span><\/td>\n60<\/span><\/td>\nTh\u1ee7y canh, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/span><\/td>\n<1 n\u0103m<\/span><\/td>\nS<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    K<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nNg\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu<\/span><\/td>\n42<\/span><\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y<\/span><\/td>\n2 n\u0103m<\/span><\/td>\nDS<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    L<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nNg\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu<\/span><\/td>\n34<\/span><\/td>\nN\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt, nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh, th\u1ee7y canh, l\u00e0m v\u01b0\u1eddn<\/span><\/td>\n<1 n\u0103m<\/span><\/td>\nS<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nh\u01b0 sau: VS = ‘r\u1ea5t h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng’ S = ‘h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng’ N = ‘trung l\u1eadp’ DS = ‘kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng’ VDS = ‘r\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng’.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0N\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng HSCF c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng container \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd (B\u1ea3ng 2). K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u ghi nh\u00e3n “\u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng”, c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c \u00edt h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B\u1ea3ng 2.<\/strong> T\u1ed5ng quan doanh nghi\u1ec7p B bao g\u1ed3m nh\u00e3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ch\u00ednh.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Vi\u1ec7c kinh doanh<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n

    		Container<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nNg\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nKh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ch\u00ednh<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nNh\u00e3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nNh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p HSCF<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nV\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a trang tr\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    A<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\nKh\u00e1c<\/span><\/td>\n1, 3<\/span><\/td>\nTrang tr\u1ea1i m\u00f4-\u0111un<\/span><\/td>\nB\u1eafc Carolina<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    B<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\nNh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng<\/span><\/td>\n1, 6: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng b\u1edfi b\u00e1c s\u0129 th\u00fa y \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/td>\nM\u00f4-\u0111un trang tr\u1ea1i v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a<\/span><\/td>\nArkansas<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    C<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\nNh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\ntrang tr\u1ea1iTrang tr\u1ea1i m\u00f4-\u0111un<\/span><\/td>\nOntario<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    D<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n1 b\u00e1n th\u1eddi gian<\/span><\/td>\nNh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng<\/span><\/td>\n6: T\u01b0\u01a1i<\/span><\/td>\nTrang tr\u1ea1i v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a<\/span><\/td>\nGeorgia<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    E<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\nNh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng<\/span><\/td>\n1,2<\/span><\/td>\nCropBox<\/span><\/td>\nVirgin M\u1ef9 \u0110\u1ea3o<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    F<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng c\u00f3<\/span><\/td>\nKh\u00e1c: S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p<\/span><\/td>\n12,3<\/span><\/td>\nN\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n CropBox<\/span><\/td>\nAlberta<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    G<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\nNh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng<\/span><\/td>\n1,2<\/span><\/td>\nTrang tr\u1ea1i v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a<\/span><\/td>\nMaryland<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    H<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\nC\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\nTrang tr\u1ea1i v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a<\/span><\/td>\nWyoming<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    I<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n3 b\u00e1n th\u1eddi gian<\/span><\/td>\nNh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng<\/span><\/td>\n12,6: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 l\u1edbn l\u00ean<\/span><\/td>\nCropBox<\/span><\/td>\nB\u1eafc Carolina<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    J<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\nB\u1ea3n th\u00e2n<\/span><\/td>\nNh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng<\/span><\/td>\n1, 24, 6: T\u01b0\u01a1i m\u00e1t quanh n\u0103m, Michigan<\/span><\/td>\nTrang tr\u1ea1i v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a<\/span><\/td>\nMichigan<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    K<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\nKh\u00e1c: B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\nTrang tr\u1ea1i v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a<\/span><\/td>\nColorado<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    L<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\nNh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng<\/span><\/td>\n1,2,3,4<\/span><\/td>\nT\u1ef1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/span><\/td>\nTexas<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    Nh\u00e3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m: 1 = ‘\u0110\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng’ 2 = ‘B\u1ec1n v\u1eefng’ 3 = ‘H\u1eefu c\u01a1’ 4 = ‘Xanh’ 5 = ‘Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1p \u00e1n n\u00e0o \u1edf tr\u00ean’ 6 = ‘Kh\u00e1c’.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0L\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0L\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 N\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng container v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee7y canh, trong \u0111\u00f3 5 = ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd, 4 = \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd, 3 = trung l\u1eadp, 2 = \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u00e0 1 = ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd. N\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng HSCF \u0111\u00e3 mang l\u1ea1i cho t\u00f4i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng (91,6%) v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng (83,3%). Ngo\u00e0i ra, 75,0% n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng HSCF: gi\u00fap ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t h\u01a1n, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 h\u1ecd mong \u0111\u1ee3i. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng HSCF mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn (58,3%), th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (50,0%) v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd nhanh ch\u00f3ng kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c sai s\u00f3t (50,0%). B\u1ea3ng 3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B\u1ea3ng 3.<\/strong> M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh trang tr\u1ea1i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y canh trong container v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7<\/span><\/p>\n

    HSCF:<\/span><\/td>\n

    		M\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n

    		Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nTrung l\u1eadp<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed3ng \u00fd<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nM\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    1<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n5<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    N<\/span><\/td>\n(%)<\/span><\/td>\nN<\/span><\/td>\n(%)<\/span><\/td>\nN<\/span><\/td>\n(%)<\/span><\/td>\nN<\/span><\/td>\n(%)<\/span><\/td>\nN<\/span><\/td>\n(%)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0110\u00e3 cho t\u00f4i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\n0,0<\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\n0,0<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n8.3<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n33,3<\/span><\/td>\n7<\/span><\/td>\n58,3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0110\u00e3 cho ph\u00e9p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\n0,0<\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\n0,0<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n16,7<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n33,3<\/span><\/td>\n6<\/span><\/td>\n50.0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Gi\u00fap ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trang tr\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\n0,0<\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\n0,0<\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\n25.0<\/span><\/td>\n5<\/span><\/td>\n41,7<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n33,3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    C\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\n0,0<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n16,7<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n8.3<\/span><\/td>\n6<\/span><\/td>\n50.0<\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\n25.0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0110\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i.<\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\n0,0<\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\n25.0<\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\n0,0<\/span><\/td>\n7<\/span><\/td>\n58,3<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n16,7<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    C\u00f3 m\u1ecdi ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng m\u00e0 t\u00f4i mong \u0111\u1ee3i.<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n8.3<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n16,7<\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\n0,0<\/span><\/td>\n8<\/span><\/td>\n66,7<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n8.3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u0110\u00e3 cho t\u00f4i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u1edbi.<\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\n0,0<\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\n0,0<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n33,3<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n16,7<\/span><\/td>\n6<\/span><\/td>\n50.0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd mua th\u00eam m\u1ed9t trang tr\u1ea1i container n\u1eefa.<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n8.3<\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\n0,0<\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\n25.0<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n33,3<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n33,3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    C\u00f3 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn.<\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\n0,0<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n8.3<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n33,3<\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\n25.0<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n33,3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\n0,0<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n16,7<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n33,3<\/span><\/td>\n5<\/span><\/td>\n41,7<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n8.3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \n

    Cho ph\u00e9p t\u00f4i nhanh ch\u00f3ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i sau nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		1<\/span><\/td>\n8.3<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n16,7<\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\n25.0<\/span><\/td>\n5<\/span><\/td>\n41,7<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n8.3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi m\u1edf trong kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n qua \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i chia s\u1ebb th\u00eam b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch n\u00e0o m\u00e0 h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng HSCF. C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi chung bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u0169ng nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t r\u1eb1ng HSCF c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p canh t\u00e1c tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i, quanh n\u0103m, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn HSCF kh\u1ea3 thi h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p canh t\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u00edt gi\u1edd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c h\u01a1n, gi\u00fap HSCF c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 chi ph\u00ed lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi \u00edt nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng h\u01a1n. N\u00f4ng d\u00e2n xem vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 HSCF l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1eefu \u00edch gi\u00fap h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh cho \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ebfp v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B\u1ea3ng 4.<\/strong> M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 khi tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh trang tr\u1ea1i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y canh trong container v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7<\/span><\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1:<\/span><\/td>\n

    		Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nH\u01a1i kh\u00f3<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nC\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n <\/strong>
    \n<\/strong>n\u00e0o<\/strong> kh\u00f3<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n    		V\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f3<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nR\u1ea5t kh\u00f3<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    1<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n5<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    N<\/span><\/td>\n(%)<\/span><\/td>\nN<\/span><\/td>\n(%)<\/span><\/td>\nN<\/span><\/td>\n(%)<\/span><\/td>\nN<\/span><\/td>\n(%)<\/span><\/td>\nN<\/span><\/td>\n(%)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n16,7<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n16,7<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n8.3<\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\n25.0<\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\n25.0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Chi ph\u00ed kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n8.3<\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\n25.0<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n16,7<\/span><\/td>\n5<\/span><\/td>\n41,7<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n8.3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Thi\u1ebfu ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n1,67<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n8.3<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n33,3<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n16,7<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n16,7<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Chi ph\u00ed ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n8.3<\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\n25.0<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n33,3<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n16,7<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n16,7<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n16,7<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n16,7<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n33,3<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n33,3<\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\n0,0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm lao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span><\/td>\n7<\/span><\/td>\n58,3<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n16,7<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n16,7<\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\n0,0<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n8.3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0N\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai HSCF, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh HSCF v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p HSCF. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u01a1n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn, tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u00edt nh\u1ea5t. B\u1ea3ng 4 minh h\u1ecda nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n m\u00e0 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i khi tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh HSCF, trong \u0111\u00f3 5 = r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, 4 = kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i, 3 = h\u01a1i kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, 2 = h\u01a1i kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 1 = kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. S\u00e1u ch\u1ee7 doanh nghi\u1ec7p (50,0%) cho bi\u1ebft m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u1ea5t khi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh HSCF. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u00edt kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3y (58,3%) ch\u1ee7 doanh nghi\u1ec7p cho bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm lao \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n qua \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 l\u01b0u \u00fd th\u00eam nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 quy ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef cho th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a lu\u00f4n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng gian l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eadt h\u1eb9p, vi\u1ec7c v\u1ec7 sinh, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c v\u1ec7 sinh v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p HSCF, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Trong khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ghi nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong kh\u00f4ng gian h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 khi thu ho\u1ea1ch s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng khi thu ho\u1ea1ch do kh\u00f4ng gian ch\u1eadt h\u1eb9p. M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 doanh nghi\u1ec7p g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd n\u00e0y nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t r\u1eb1ng do kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a HSCF, n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b\u1ecf qua r\u1eb1ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0N\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o HSCF. C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ea1ng internet n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n qu\u00e1 ch\u1eadm \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb; qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u linh ki\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 d\u1ec5 h\u1ecfng; v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ph\u00e1t sinh trong c\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i container n\u00e0y. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cho bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb th\u00f4ng tin sai l\u1ec7ch do nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p HSCF \u0111\u01b0a ra. Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c “h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a trao tay” kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 “c\u1eafm l\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y”; m\u1ed9t HSCF duy nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n thu nh\u1eadp duy nh\u1ea5t, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n th\u00eam thu nh\u1eadp; v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn m\u00e0 h\u1ecd g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p HSCF. S\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n sang nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p HSCF th\u1ee9 hai v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1edbi. C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p HSCF \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn khi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft s\u00e1u n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n tham gia ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n qua \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 th\u00f4ng tin sai l\u1ec7ch, thi\u1ebfu h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c canh t\u00e1c, v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 K\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng, th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0K\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p HSCF cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200btrong m\u1ed7i v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i n\u0103m, gi\u00fap n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bh\u00e0ng n\u0103m. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u do nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p cung c\u1ea5p, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi li\u1ec7u k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hay kh\u00f4ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 5 = ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd, 4 = \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd, 3 = trung l\u1eadp, 2 = kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u00e0 1 = ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong B\u1ea3ng 5, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c sau: \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 (91,6%), gi\u1ea3m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean (66,7%) v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 (66,7%). 50% n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd ho\u1eb7c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng HSCF c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn.<\/span><\/p>\n

    B\u1ea3ng 5.<\/strong> M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n r\u1eb1ng HSCF c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \n

    T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7<\/span><\/p>\n

    HSCF(s) \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1:<\/span><\/td>\n

    		M\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n

    		Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nTrung l\u1eadp<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed3ng \u00fd<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\nM\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    1<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n5<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    N<\/span><\/td>\n(%)<\/span><\/td>\nN<\/span><\/td>\n(%)<\/span><\/td>\nN<\/span><\/td>\n(%)<\/span><\/td>\nN<\/span><\/td>\n(%)<\/span><\/td>\nN<\/span><\/td>\n(%)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\n0,0<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n8.3<\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\n0,0<\/span><\/td>\n10<\/span><\/td>\n83,3<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n8.3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Gi\u1ea3m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean<\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\n0,0<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n8.3<\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\n25.0<\/span><\/td>\n6<\/span><\/td>\n50.0<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n16,7<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\n0,0<\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\n25.0<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n8.3<\/span><\/td>\n7<\/span><\/td>\n58,3<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n8.3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n8.3<\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\n25.0<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n8.3<\/span><\/td>\n6<\/span><\/td>\n50.0<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n8.3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    D\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/td>\n0<\/span><\/td>\n0,0<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n16,7<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n33,3<\/span><\/td>\n5<\/span><\/td>\n41,7<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n8.3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    L\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n16,7<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n33,3<\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\n25.0<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n16,7<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n8.3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0N\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd khi mua HSCF \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho bi\u1ebft m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 sinh l\u1eddi, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u, t\u1ea1o th\u00eam thu nh\u1eadp\/ngh\u1ec9 h\u01b0u v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m t\u01b0\u01a1i ngon, \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng quanh n\u0103m cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng HSCF nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t minh ch\u1ee9ng cho t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n gi\u00e0 h\u00f3a, d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng\/b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Trong khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n cho bi\u1ebft m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd “ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c”, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c chia s\u1ebb r\u1eb1ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Nh\u1eefng tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i m\u00e0 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp d\u1ed1c h\u01a1n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn, chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn. M\u1ed9t n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng do nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y – do th\u00f4ng tin sai l\u1ec7ch m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p HSCF cung c\u1ea5p cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n – n\u00ean thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 do HSCF v\u1eabn c\u00f2n trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u01a1 khai v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Qu\u1ef9 H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (HSCF) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o thu nh\u1eadp ch\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh container nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t nh\u01b0 hai c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 l\u00e3i. Th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n qua \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. C\u00e1c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb, hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, \u0111\u00f3n \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, gia t\u0103ng nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. N\u00f4ng d\u00e2n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd; n\u1ebfu c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9, th\u00ec h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00e0o. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n cho bi\u1ebft ‘\u0111\u00f3n \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng’ l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. M\u1ed9t n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n cho bi\u1ebft do s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n l\u00e2n c\u1eadn, h\u1ecd tin r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady do nhu c\u1ea7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu HSCF kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u2013 r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1ea1n \u0111ang l\u00e0m, l\u00fd do b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a cho chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n cho bi\u1ebft ch\u00ednh vi\u1ec7c mang \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi m\u1ebb cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi l\u1ea1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ra lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n m\u00f4 t\u1ea3, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng xung quanh, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u00e0 tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n cho bi\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c s\u1ed1ng g\u1ea7n trang tr\u1ea1i, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh (lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nhu c\u1ea7u tuy\u1ec3n th\u00eam nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean), li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng minh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0L\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 Trong cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n qua \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 mua HSCF \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u1ea3 thi theo Michael (2017). M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u00e1u n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt \u0111\u00e3 chia s\u1ebb nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn. Nh\u1eefng n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n sau n\u00e0y cho r\u1eb1ng l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 do s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng g\u00ec mong \u0111\u1ee3i v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Hai n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n cho bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u00e0 ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn chi ti\u1ebft. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 v\u1eady gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 chi ph\u00ed ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 d\u00e1n nh\u00e3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Ngo\u00e0i ra, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n cho r\u1eb1ng l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 do d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian, c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. V\u00e0, m\u1ed9t M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n cho r\u1eb1ng l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u00e0 h\u1ecd mang l\u1ea1i cho th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3, cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p, v\u00e0 l\u1eafng nghe kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. N\u00f4ng d\u00e2n cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e0o h\u00e0ng, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi quan h\u1ec7 v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1eabu th\u1eed.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 S\u1ef1 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Th\u00f4ng qua kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n qua \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u chia s\u1ebb m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng chung c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi HSCF. Trong khi t\u00e1m n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng (66,7%), m\u1ed9t n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n r\u1ea5t h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng (8,3%), m\u1ed9t n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n trung l\u1eadp (8,3%) v\u00e0 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng (16,7%) v\u1edbi \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (B\u1ea3ng 1), m\u1ed9t n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng, m\u1ed9t n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n trung l\u1eadp v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chung c\u1ee7a HSCF.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Trong bu\u1ed5i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n qua \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng HSCF. C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m HSCF c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, tuy nhi\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, v\u00ec n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y HSCF ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y HSCF l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p t\u1ed1t m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng gian l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y HSCF mang \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0o l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n cho bi\u1ebft th\u00eam r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh HSCF kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd r\u1ea5t vui v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 mua m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf do ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00e0y c\u00f2n m\u1edbi m\u1ebb, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y c\u00f2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u00edt, nh\u01b0ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c HSCF x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t HSCF t\u1eeb hai n\u0103m tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng; x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn HSCF; v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c HSCF \u0111ang thu h\u00fat n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n m\u1edbi t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n phi n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Ngo\u00e0i ra, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c HSCF s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn quanh n\u0103m, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a container v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n l\u1edbn m\u00e0 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u2013 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ea5t canh t\u00e1c (Key v\u00e0 Lyons, 2019).<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0The most difficult operating challenges faced by HSCF farmers in the study were power usage, as noted by Lages Barbosa et al. (2015), and the high startup costs when purchasing and implementing the container farm, which aligned with barriers faced by beginning farmers, namely capital acquisition and startup costs (Key and Lyons, 2019). This finding was also consistent with a report by Michael (2017), which addressed reasons many HSCF businesses start up only to be soon shut down. Among other reasons, Michael (2017) attributed this trend to the substantial amount of electricity it takes to operate a HSCF. Depending on location, the energy requirement costs can negate profits for farmers (Royte, 2015). Another challenge noted by the study respondents and others (Hicks, 2017) that warrants further explanation is the lack of people who know how to fix issues that arise in HSCFs.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t c\u00e1c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee7 doanh nghi\u1ec7p HSCF b\u00e1o c\u00e1o, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch, duy tr\u00ec HSCF \u1edf m\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi t\u1eeb b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p HSCF, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p HSCF \u0111ang b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khi ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Michael v\u1ec1 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c HSCF th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 do nh\u1eefng k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p HSCF v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u lao \u0111\u1ed9ng (Michael, 2017). H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p HSCF kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng ‘suy ngh\u0129 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n’, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a HSCF, giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m chung c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Michaels (2017) r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c HSCF c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn nh\u01b0 v\u1ebb b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 th\u00eam th\u1eddi gian, c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c h\u01a1n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200b\u0111\u1ec3 HSCF c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh l\u1eddi. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t: ‘B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tinh vi nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c, th\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p HSCF th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng song song v\u1edbi c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb r\u1eb1ng n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang (Ikerd, 2008). D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb HSCF l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu cho s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng chung c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh kinh doanh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng n\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua nh\u00e3n m\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t, ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu HSCF \u0111ang nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Nh\u00ecn chung, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y trong s\u1ed1 12 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng (66,7%) ho\u1eb7c r\u1ea5t h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng (8,3%) v\u1edbi HSCF c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n do l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh HSCF, v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Do \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c mua HSCF n\u00ean xem x\u00e9t k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p HSCF ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh HSCF v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 do t\u00ednh m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00e0y v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u00edt, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t chung. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh HSCF th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb chu k\u1ef3 canh t\u00e1c ng\u1eafn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n cho bi\u1ebft m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh HSCF c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng cao nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd ngh\u0129 ho\u1eb7c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng ban \u0111\u1ea7u. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh HSCF v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn. B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh HSCF c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o, v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn mong \u0111\u1ee3i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00edn trong s\u1ed1 12 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t cho bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh HSCF c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ba n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd ho\u1eb7c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh HSCF c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn. Do nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y, l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a HSCF c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n, bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 chu k\u1ef3 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn, chi ph\u00ed kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a HSCF \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea5t canh t\u00e1c v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0D\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n t\u1eeb t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7, Nicole Wagner, theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
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    2. Bouchar D.M. (1998). Hydroponic systems. Horticulture Engineering 13, 1\u201310.<\/span><\/em><\/li>\n
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    7. Gold MV (2007). Sustainable Agriculture: Definitions and Terms. Beltsville, MD: U.S. Department of Agriculture. Available at https:\/\/www.nal.usda. gov\/afsic\/sustainable-agriculture-definitions-and-terms.<\/span><\/em><\/li>\n
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    18. Newswire (2019). Hydroponics market by type, crop type, equipment, input and region \u2013 global forecast to 2025. Available at https:\/\/www.prnewswire. com\/news-releases\/the-hydroponics-market-is-estimated-at-usd-8-1-billionin-2019-and-projected-to-grow-at-a-cagr-of-12-1-to-reach-usd-16-0-billionby-2025\u2013300855444.html.<\/span><\/em><\/li>\n
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    30. Yoo E. (2015). Meet the urban Chinese startup that can grow your lunch on demand. TechNode, Available at http:\/\/technode.com\/2015\/11\/03\/alescalife-introduces-farming-service-model-indoor-farming\/.<\/span><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng, l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i th\u1ee7y canh container: t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n Ngu\u1ed3n: Wagner N., Morrish D. and Juarez M. (2021). Identifying the influential factors, benefits and challenges of hydroponic shipping container farm businesses: A snapshot of […]\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":6001,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[308,310,236],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ahrd.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6000"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ahrd.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ahrd.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ahrd.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/50"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ahrd.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6000"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ahrd.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6000\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6002,"href":"https:\/\/ahrd.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6000\/revisions\/6002"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ahrd.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6001"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ahrd.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6000"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ahrd.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6000"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ahrd.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6000"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}